I feel trapped in a cycle of negative thoughts. Help!
It sounds like you're experiencing rumination, or your brain's obsessive replay of something pretty damn distressing. While it can be obnoxious and all-consuming, ruminating is actually a pretty common experience. Even so, it can kill your mood, wreck your sleep, and impact your ability to get through the day.
Think of ruminating as your mind on a hamster wheel, constantly rehashing some stressful or worrisome moment, and—despite all this mental energy you're spending on it—you're getting absolutely nowhere. More specifically, ruminating is a kind of obsessional thinking where you have excessive or repetitive thoughts that get in the way of other mental processes, according to the American Psychological Association.
What makes rumination different from anxiety thought spirals, catastrophizing, and worst-case-scenario thinking is that it centers on a real issue or a rational thought that you just can't stop mulling over (like your partner did cheat on you or you did make a passive aggressive comment in that team meeting), explains clinical psychologist Alyssa Faro, PhD.
Here are a few other signs that you're ruminating, according to Dr. Faro:
• The thing you can't stop thinking about occurred in the past (it's not a requirement, but it's typical of rumination).
• That emotion, experience, or worry is negative.
• Thinking about it makes you feel worse but it's hard to stop and distracts you from other important tasks or processes (like making your grocery list or getting work done).
While it makes sense that distressing situations, thoughts, or emotions take up significant mental real estate, dwelling on something all day every day without ever figuring out what to do next is what makes rumination so distracting and disruptive, explains therapist Aimee Estrin, LMSW. "Unlike problem-solving, which is goal-oriented, rumination is often circular and unproductive, leading to increased feelings of anxiety and depression."
Keep reading for 6 tips to help you stop ruminating.
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